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Rekha 1: [[File:~~Tsarigrad~~Istambul and Bosporus big.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Istanbul, Bosporus aur[[Black Sea]] ke satellite chapa]] [[File:Most Sułtana Mehmeta Zdobywcy Istambuł RB1.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror Bridge, Bosporus ke uppar]] '''~~Tsarigrad~~Istanbul''', [[~~Kurdey~~Turkey]] ke sab se barraa [[city]] hae jon ki [[1923]] talak [[Ottoman Empire]] ke capital rahaa. Ii city purana time me '''Byzantium''' aur '''Constantinople''' ke naam se jaanajaawat rahaa. Ii ek [[seaport]] hae aur Turkey ke khaas trade kare waala centre hae. ~~Tsarigrad~~Istanbul ke aage [[Golden Horn]] aur[[Bosporus]] strait hae. Bosphorus, [[Black Sea]] aure [[Sea of Marmara]] ke jorre hae aur, [[Europe]] aur [[Asia]] ke separate kare hae. Ii city duuno [[Europe]] aur [[Asia]] me hae. Iske abaadi 11 aur 15 million ke biich me hae. Iske pahila naam [[Greek bhasa\|Greek]] me '''Byzantion''' aur [[Latin]] me '''Byzantium''' rahaa. Byzantium ke pahila dafe 667BC me Greek log aae ke base rahin. 196 AD me , Byzantium ke [[Roman Empire\|Romans]] log barbaad kar diin rahaa lekin baad me iske Roman Emperor [[Septimius Severus]] fir se banais. [[Constantine I\|Constantine the Great]] sochis ki ii city ek achchhaa jagah pe hae aur 330 AD me Rome ke capital ke hian pe move kar diis rahaa, jiske suruu me '''New Roma''' bola jaawat rahaa lekin baad me iske naam badal ke '''Constantinople''' ('''Constantinopolis''' [[Greek bhasa]] me), rakh newa gais.

Istanbul: ke revisions ke biich ke antar