Chandigarh: ke revisions ke biich ke antar

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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chandigarh
Line 4 ⟶ 6:
| image_skyline =
{{Photomontage
|photo1e = OpenChandigarh Hand Monument in Chandigarhaerial1.jpg
|photo2a = Gandhi Bhawan at Punjab University.jpg
|photo2b = Rock Garden, Chandigarh-statues.jpg
|photo3a = ChandigarhOpen hockeyHand stadiummonument, Chandigarh.JPGjpg
|photo3b = Chandigarh hockey stadium.JPG
|size = 300
|size = 250
|space = 2
}}
Line 58 ⟶ 61:
| demographics_type1 = Language<ref name=langoff>{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |title= Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47th report (July 2008 to June 2010)|pages=122–126 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |accessdate=16 February 2012}}</ref>
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = <!--DO NOT ADD ANY OTHER LANGUAGES THAN ENGLISH HERE-->[[English language|English]]{{efn|Chandigarh being the capital of two states and union territory, itself has English as the official language. While [[PunjabiHindi language|Punjabi Hindi]] is the official language of [[Punjab]] and of [[Haryana]],<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.lawsofindia.org/statelaw/1209/TheHaryanaOfficialLanguageAct1969.html| title= The Haryana Official Language Act, 1969| work= Laws of India| accessdate= 26 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.lawsofindia.org/statelaw/3499/ThePunjabOfficialLanguageAct1967.html| title= The Punjab Official Language Act, 1967| work= Laws of India| accessdate= 26 March 2015}}</ref> the Chandigarh departments mainly refer in English.}}
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
[[Hindi]]
| demographics1_info2 = <!--DO NOT REMOVE THE LANGUAGES FROM HERE-->[[Hindi]]<br>[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| Denonym = Chandigarhian
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 81.9%
Line 80 ⟶ 84:
| emblem = [[Open Hand Monument|Open Hand Emblem]]
| song =
| dance = [[Bhangra (dance)|Bhangra]], [[Giddha]]
| animal = [[Indian grey mongoose]]<ref name="Service 2015">{{cite web | last=Service | first=Tribune News | title=Corbusier’s creation | website=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/trends/corbusier-s-creation/142344.html | date=12 October 2015 | url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/trends/corbusier-s-creation/142344.html | accessdate=13 October 2015}}</ref>
| bird = [[Indian grey hornbill]]
Line 97 ⟶ 101:
[[Category:Punjab]]
[[Category:India ke city]]
 
===Mausam===
 
{{climate chart
|Chandigarh
|3.1|16.4|33
|5.3|20.1|39
|10.4|25.4|30
|15.9|31.5|9
|20.1|35.3|28
|22.4|35.6|145
|20.9|31.0|280
|20.3|29.7|308
|18.8|30.1|133
|14.0|28.8|22
|7.5|24.3|9
|3.7|19.1|22
|source=[http://www.worldweather.org/066/c00526.htm World Weather Information Service]
|float=right
|clear=
}}
{{Weather box
|location = Chandigarh
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|temperature colour =
|Jan record high C = 27.7
|Feb record high C = 32.8
|Mar record high C = 37.8
|Apr record high C = 42.7
|May record high C = 44.6
|Jun record high C = 45.3
|Jul record high C = 42.0
|Aug record high C = 39.0
|Sep record high C = 37.5
|Oct record high C = 37.0
|Nov record high C = 34.0
|Dec record high C = 28.5
|year record high C = 45.6
|Jan high C = 20.4
|Feb high C = 23.1
|Mar high C = 28.4
|Apr high C = 34.5
|May high C = 38.3
|Jun high C = 38.6
|Jul high C = 34.0
|Aug high C = 32.7
|Sep high C = 33.1
|Oct high C = 31.8
|Nov high C = 27.3
|Dec high C = 22.1
|year high C = 30.4
|Jan low C = 6.1
|Feb low C = 8.3
|Mar low C = 13.4
|Apr low C = 18.9
|May low C = 23.1
|Jun low C = 25.4
|Jul low C = 23.9
|Aug low C = 23.3
|Sep low C = 21.8
|Oct low C = 17.0
|Nov low C = 10.5
|Dec low C = 6.7
|year low C = 16.5
|Jan record low C = 0.0
|Feb record low C = 0.0
|Mar record low C = 4.2
|Apr record low C = 7.8
|May record low C = 13.4
|Jun record low C = 14.8
|Jul record low C = 14.2
|Aug record low C = 17.2
|Sep record low C = 14.3
|Oct record low C = 9.4
|Nov record low C = 3.7
|Dec record low C = 0.0
|year record low C = 0.0
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 33.1
|Feb rain mm = 38.9
|Mar rain mm = 30.4
|Apr rain mm = 8.5
|May rain mm = 28.4
|Jun rain mm = 145.2
|Jul rain mm = 280.4
|Aug rain mm = 307.5
|Sep rain mm = 133.0
|Oct rain mm = 21.9
|Nov rain mm = 9.4
|Dec rain mm = 21.9
|year rain mm = 1059.3
|Jan rain days = 2.6
|Feb rain days = 2.8
|Mar rain days = 2.6
|Apr rain days = 1.1
|May rain days = 2.1
|Jun rain days = 6.3
|Jul rain days = 12.3
|Aug rain days = 11.4
|Sep rain days = 5.0
|Oct rain days = 1.4
|Nov rain days = 0.8
|Dec rain days = 1.4
|year rain days = 49.8
|source 1 = India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2010)<ref name= IMD >
{{cite web
| url = http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/extreme/chandigarh2.htm
| title = Chandigarh Climatological Table Period: 1971–2000
| publisher = [[India Meteorological Department]]
| accessdate = 25 March 2015}}</ref><ref name=IMD2>{{cite web
|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/Temp_Extremes/histext2010.pdf
|format=PDF
|title=Ever recorded Maximum and minimum temperatures up to 2010
|publisher=India Meteorological Department
|accessdate=25 March 2015
|deadurl=yes
|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6GmnoaB0m?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdpune.gov.in%2FTemp_Extremes%2Fhistext2010.pdf
|archivedate=21 May 2013
|df=dmy
}}</ref>
|date=March 2015}}
 
 
 
=== Dharam===
 
{{bar box|width = 300px
|barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
|title=Religion in Chandigarh (2011)<ref name="religiouscensus2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html|title=Census of India : C-1 Population By Religious Community|first=|last=ORGI|publisher=|accessdate=11 December 2016}}</ref>
|titlebar =#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|#FF6600|80.77}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|#FFFF00|13.10}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|6.08}}}}
 
===Sukhna jheel===
 
[[File:Sukhna Lake Chandigarh.JPG|300px|thumb|right|Sailing at Sukhna Lake]]
[[Sukhna jheel]] shehar ke utri bhaag me hai .<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.chandigarh.co.uk/tourist-attractions/sukhna-lake.html| title= Sukhna Lake - Chandigarh Sukhna Lake - Sukhna Lake of Chandigarh India| work= chandigarh.co.uk| accessdate= 21 March 2015}}</ref> It has The [[Garden of Silence]] within it.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kiboli.wordpress.com/2012/07/05/chandigarh-the-city-beautiful/img_2821/| title= The Garden of Silence – quieter end of Sukhna Lake| work= kiboli.wordpress.com| publisher= Wordpress| accessdate= 21 March 2015}}</ref>
 
 
 
===Tota pakshi dhrohar===
 
Tota pakshi dhrohar ([[English]]:Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh) Chandigarh ke sector 21 mae raha
 
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Open Hand Monument in Chandigarh.jpg|The Open Hand Monument in Chandigarh
image:Corbu Chandigarh Palais Justice.JPG|Punjab and Haryana High Court
File:Secretariat Chandigarh.jpg|Secretariat Building by [[Le Corbusier]]
File:Assembly 09.jpg|Palace of Assembly Building by Le Corbusier
File:Waterfall at Rock Garden, Chandigarh.jpg|Rock Garden
File:Rose Garden Chandigarh Inida (3).JPG|The Rose Garden
File:Arch Museum 46.JPG|Government Museum & Art Gallery
File:Musical Fountain, Sector 17, Chandigarh.jpg|Musical Fountain, Sector 17, Chandigarh
File:Le Corbusier Centre, Sector 19.jpg|Le Corbusier Centre, Sector 19
File:Valley_of_Animals.jpg|The entrance to Valley of Animals, Sector 49 in Chandigarh.
File:Chandigarh_Museum.jpg|Chandigarh Museum and Art Gallery
</gallery>
 
==See also==
 
{{portal|Geography|<!--Eurasia-->|Asia|South Asia|India|Haryana|Punjab|Chandigarh}}
 
*{{books-inline|India}}
*[[Chandigarh capital region]]
*[[Mohali]]
*[[Panchkula]]
*[[Ambala Chandigarh Expressway]]
 
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
 
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=40em}}
 
==Further reading==
*Evenson, Norma. ''Chandigarh''. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1966.
*Sarbjit Bahga, Surinder Bahga (2014) ''Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret: The Indian Architecture'', CreateSpace, ISBN 978-1495906251
*Joshi, Kiran. ''Documenting Chandigarh: The Indian Architecture of [[Pierre Jeanneret]], [[Edwin Maxwell Fry]] and [[Jane Drew]]''. Ahmedabad: Mapin Publishing in association with Chandigarh College of Architecture, 1999. ISBN 1-890206-13-X
*Kalia, Ravi. ''Chandigarh: The Making of an Indian City''. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
*[[Maxwell Fry]] and [[Jane Drew]]. ''Chandigarh and Planning Development in India'', London: Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, No.4948, 1 April 1955, Vol. CIII, pages 315–333. I. ''The Plan'', by E. Maxwell Fry, II. ''Housing'', by Jane B. Drew.
*Nangia, Ashish. ''Re-locating Modernism: Chandigarh, Le Corbusier and the Global Postcolonial''. PhD Dissertation, University of Washington, 2008.
*Perera, Nihal. "Contesting Visions: Hybridity, Liminality and Authorship of the Chandigarh Plan" ''Planning Perspectives'' 19 (2004): 175–199
*Prakash, Vikramaditya. ''Chandigarh’s Le Corbusier: The Struggle for Modernity in Postcolonial India''. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002.
*Sarin, Madhu. ''Urban Planning in the Third World: The Chandigarh Experience''. London: Mansell Publishing, 1982.
 
==External links==
{{Sister project links |species=no|n=Chandigarh|wikt=Chandigarh|voy=Chandigarh|q=no |s=no |b=no |v=no}}
; Government
* [http://chandigarh.nic.in/ The Official Website of Chandigarh Administration]
 
; General information
* [https://www.britannica.com/place/Chandigarh-India Chandigarh] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
* {{dmoz|Regional/Asia/India/Chandigarh}}
* {{osmrelation-inline|1942809}}
 
{{Geographic location|Centre = Chandigarh
|North = Hoshiarpur, [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Panchkula]], [[Haryana]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Zirakpur]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|West = [[Mohali]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|Northwest = [[Kharar, Ajitgarh|Kharar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
}}
 
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{{City of Chandigarh}}
{{States and territories of India}}
{{State and Union Territory capitals of India}}
{{Haryana}}
{{Punjab (Indian state)|state=collapsed}}
{{Million-plus cities in India}}
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