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XXBlackburnXx (Baat | yogdaan) 241112 badlao 2606:6000:C3C6:BE00:B125:24ED:66E6:950 se, ke pahile jaise karo (Talk) Tag: Undo |
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Rekha 16:
'''English bhaashaa''' (English: ''English'' hindi uchchaaran: inglisha) [[Hinda-Europia bhaashaa-parivaar]] men aais hae aur ii drishti se [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]], [[Pharasi]] aadi ke saath isakaa dur kaa sanbandh banais hae. Ye is parivaar ke '''[[Jarmaeni bhaashaa parivaara|jarmanik shaakha]]''' men rakhi jaati hae. Ise duniyaa ki sarvapratham antarraashtriy bhaashaa maanaa jaataa hae. Ye duniyaa ke kai deshon ki mukhy raajabhaashaa hae aur aaj ke dau r men kai deshon men (mukhyata bhutapurv british upaniveshon men) Vigyana, computer, saahitya, raajaniti, aur uchch shikshaa ke bhi mukhy bhaasaa hae. English bhaashaa [[Roman lipi]] men likhi jaati hae.
== Itihaas ==
paanchavin aur chhathi sadi men briten ke dvipon par uttar ki or se engal aur seksan kabilon ne hamalaa kiyaa thaa aur unhonne keltik bhaashaaen bolane vaale sthaaniy logon ko skontalaenda, aayaralaend aur vels ki or dhakel diyaa thaa.
aathavin aur navin sadi men uttar se vaaikings aur nors kabilon ke hamale bhi aaranbh ho gae rahaa aur is prakaar vartamaan ingalaend kaa kshetr kai prakaar ki bhaashaa bolane vaalon kaa desh ban gayaa, aur kai puraane shabdon ko nae arth mil gae. Jaese – drim (''dream'') kaa arth us samay tak aanand lenaa thaa lekin uttar ke vaaikings ne ise sapane kaa arth de diyaa. Isi prakaar skart kaa shabd bhi uttari hamalaavaron ke saath yahaan aayaa. Lekin isakaa rup badal kar shart (''shirt'') ho gayaa. Baad men donon shabd alaga-alag arthon men prayukt hone lage aur aaj tak ho rahe hae.
san 500 se lekar 1100 tak ke kaal ko puraani English kaa dau r kahaa jaataa hae. 1066 isvi men duke of nonramandi ne ingalaend par hamalaa kiyaa aur yahaan ke englo-saeksonn kabilon par vijay paais hai. Is prakaar puraani [[Pharaansisi bhaasha]] ke shabd sthaaniy bhaashaa men milane lage. English kaa yah dau r 1100 se 1500 tak jaari rahaa aur ise English kaa vistaar vaalaa dau r madhyakaalin English kahaa jaataa hae. Kaाnun aur aparaadha-dand se sanbandh rakhane vaale bahut se English shabd isi kaal men prachalit hue. English saahity men chau sar (''Chaucer'') ki shaayari ko is bhaashaa kaa mahatvapurn udaaharan bataayaa jaataa hae.
san 1500 ke baad English kaa aadhunik kaal aaranbh hotaa hae jisamen [[unani bhaasha]] ke kuchh shabdon ne milanaa aaranbh kiyaa. Yah dau r kaa [[Sheksapiyar]] jaese saahityakaar ke naam se aaranbh hotaa hae aur ye dau r san 1800 tak chalataa hae. Usake baad English kaa aadhunikatam dau r kahalaataa hae jisamen English vyaakaran saral ho chukaa hae aur usamen angrejaोn ke nae aupaniveshik eshiyaai aur aphrikaी logon ki bhaashaaon ke bahut se shabd shaamil ho chuke hae.
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vishv raajaniti, saahitya, vyavasaay aadi men [[Amarika]] ke bar ti hue prabhaav se amariki English ne bhi vishesh sthaan praapt kar liyaa hae. Isakaa dusaraa kaaran british logon kaa saamraajyavaad bhi thaa. Vartani ki saralataa aur baat karane ki saral aur sugam shaeli amariki English ki visheshataaen hae.
== Dhvaniyaan ==
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