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Rekha 23:
'''Pieter Pauwel (Peter Paul) Rubens''' ([[28 June]] [[1577]] – [[30 May]] [[1640]]) ek [[Flemings|Flemish]] [[painter]] rahaa. Uu [[Baroque]] style me paint karat rahaa.
Rubens ke uske [[Counter-Reformation]] [[altarpiece]]s, [[portrait]]s, [[Landscape painting|landscapes]], aur [[history painting]]s of mythological and allegorical subjects khatir jaana jaawe hae.
Iske saathe uu [[Antwerp]] me ek barraa studio chlawat rahaa jon ki Europe bhar ke nobility aur art collectors me mashuur rahaa. Rubens ek classically-educated [[Renaissance humanism|humanist scholar]], art collector, aur diplomat rahaa jiske duuno [[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]], Spain ke raja aur [[Charles I of England|Charles I]], England ke raja knithood diis rahaa.
=== Early life ===
Rubens ke janam Siegen, Westphalia, Germany me bhais rahaa. Uske pitaji, Jan Rubens aur maiya Maria Pypelincks rahis. Jan Rubens ek Calvinist rahis, aur uu aapan aurat ke saathe
Antwerp me Rubens ke humanist sikchha milaa, jisme uu Latin aur classical literature parrhis. Chaudah saal ke umar me uu aapan artistic apprenticeship [[Tobias Verhaeght]] ke saathe suruu karis. Baad me uu city ke dui sab se achchhaa painter logan [[Adam van Noort]] aur [[Otto van Veen]] ke niche parhis.<ref>Held (1983): 14–35.</ref> Uske pahile ke training me jaada training me uu pahile ke artist ke kaam ke paint karat rahaa. Rubens aapan parrhai ke 1598 me khalaas karis, jab uu [[Guild of St. Luke]] me ek independent master ke ruup me join karis.<ref>Belkin (1998): 22–38.</ref>
Rekha 37:
{{BD|1577|1640|Rubens, Peter Paul}}
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